Core Lab Individual Analytes

Laboratory Discipline

Order Name

Assay Name

Test Principle

Description

Stability (2-8°C)

Required Volume

Specimen/Container

Dilution Type (auto vs. manual)

Reference Range

Chemistry

%SAT

% Saturation (Iron)

Calculation based on Total Iron and Unbound Iron Binding Capactiy UIBC results.

Percent iron saturation can help determine a patient's iron status and aid in the diagnosis of iron overload or deficiency abnormalities.

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Adults: Males: 228-428 ug/dL Females: 228-428 ug/dL Children: Males: 0-14 days is 94-232 ug/dL, 15 days-<1 year is 122-384 ug/dL, 1-<10 years is 204-382 ug/dL, 10-<13 years is 183-369 ug/dL, 13-<15 years is 193-377 ug/dL, 15-<19 years is 174-351 ug/dL Females: 0-14 days is 94-236 ug/dL, 15 days-<1 year is 122-365 ug/dL, 1-<10 yearsis 184-377 ug/dL, 10-<13 years is 167-336 ug/dL, 13-<15 years is 169-358 ug/dL, 15-<19 years is 194-372 ug/dL

Chemistry

A1c

Hemaglobin A1C

Hemoglobin A1c determination is based on turbidimetirc inhinbition immunoassay (TINIA) and liberated hemoglobin in the hemolyzed sample is converted to a derivative having characterisitic absorption spectrum which is measured bichromatically during the preincubation phase of the above immunological reaction.

HbA1c refelects the average blood glucose level during the proceding 2-3 months. HbA1c is suitable to monitor long0term blood glucose control in individuals with diabetes melitus.

7 Days

3.0 mL

Purple EDTA with Whole Blood

N/A

4.0%-6.0%

Chemistry

ALB

Albumin

Colorimetric Assay with end point method

Albumin binds and solubilizes various compunds. It allows for the monitoring of a controlled patient dietary supplementation and serves also a an excellent test of liver function.

5 Months

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Reference range study: Adults: 39.7-49.5 g/L Consensus values: Adults: 35-52 g/L Reference intervals according to Tietz: Newborns: 0-4 Days: 28-44 g/L Children: 4days-14 years: 38-54 g/L 14-18 years: 32-45 g/L

Chemistry

ALP

Alkaline Phosphate

Colorimetric Assay in accordance with a standardized method

Is an enzyme protein produced in cells that speeds up the rate of biological reactions.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Adults: Males: 40-129 U/L Females: 35-104 U/L Children: Males: 0-14 days is 83-248 U/L, 15 days-<1 year is 122-469 U/L, 1-<10 years is 142-335 U/L, 10-<13 years is 129-417 U/L, 13-<15 years is 116-468 U/L, 15-<17 years is 82-331 U/L, 17-<19 years is 55-149 U/L Females: 0-14 days is 83-248 U/L, 15 days-<1 year is 122-469 U/L, 1-<10 yearsis 142-335 U/L, 10-<13 years is 129-417 U/L, 13-<15 years is 57-354 U/L, 15-<17 years is 50-117 U/L, 17-<19 years is 45-87 U/L

Chemistry

ALT

Alanine Aminotransferase

This assay follows the reccomendations of the IFCC, but was optimized for performance and stability.

The enzyme has been widely reported as present in variety of tissues. The major source of ALT is the liver, which has led to the measurement of ALT activity for the diagnosis of hepatic diseases.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Males: up tp 41 U/L and Females: up to 33 U/L

Chemistry

AMYL

Amylase

Enzymatic colorimetric Assay acc. To IFCC

Starch hydrolasees with several amino acid sequences

1 Month

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

28-100 u/L

Chemistry

Anti-SARS-CoV

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Causative agent of Coronavirus Disease 2019

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with Dilutent Universal 1 or 2

NA

Chemistry

Anti-TPO

Thyroperoxidase Antibodies

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is folded to its native state and undergoes core glycosylation, before being transported to the apical plasma membrane of thyroctes. It works with Thyroglobulin to produce T4, T3 and rT3.

3 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual with Diluent Universal

34 IU/mL

Chemistry

APOA

Apolipoprotein A

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Protein constituents of lipoproteins. A is the major protein constituent of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). It also activates the enzyme lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT), which catalyzes the esterification of cholesterol enhancing the lipid carrying capacity of the lipoproteins.

8 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto Pre-dilution with H2O

Females: 1.08-2.25 g/L Males: 1.04-2.02 g/L

Chemistry

APOB

Apolipoprotein B

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Protein constituents of lipoproteins. Apolipoprotein B is the major constituent od LDL

8 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Men: 0.66-1.33 g/L Women: 0.6-1.17 g/L

Chemistry

AST

Aspartate Aminotransferase

This assay follows the reccomendations of the IFCC, but was optimized for performance and stability.

The enzyme is widely distributed in tissue, principally hepatic, cardiac, muscle, and kidney. Elevated serum levels are found in diseases involving these tissues.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Males: up to 40 U/L Females: up to 32 U/L

Chemistry

BUN

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Kinetic test with urease and glutamate dehydrogenase. Urea is hydrolyzed by urease to form ammonium and carbonate.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measures the amount of urea in a sample of blood. Urea is a waste product that forms as part of the body's natural process for breaking down proteins and is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. Determination of BUN in conjunction with creatinine is used to evaluate renal function.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Adults (18-60 years): 6-20 mg/dL Adults (60-90): 8-23 mg/dL Infants (<1 year): 4-19 mg/dL Infants/children: 5-18 mg/dL

Chemistry

CA

Calcium

Calcium ions react with 5-nitro-5-methyl-BAPTA (NM-BAPTA) under alkaline conditions to form a complex. This complex reacts in the second step with EDTA. The change in absorbance is dirctly proportional to the calcium concentration and is measured photometrically.

Calcium is the most abundent mineral element in the body. Serum calcium levels are controlled by PTH, calcitonin,a dn vitamin D. An imbalance in any of these modulators leads to alterations of the body and serium calcium levels.

3 Weeks

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

0-10 days: 7.6-10.4 mg/dL 10days -2 years: 9-11 mg/dL 2-12 years: 8.8-10.8 mg/dL 12-18 years: 8.4-10.2 mg/dL 18-60 years: 8.6-10 mg/dL 60-90 years: 8.8-10.2 mg/dL >90 years: 8.2-9.6 mg/dL

Chemistry

CHOL

Total Cholesterol

Enzymatic, colorimetric method

Cholesterol is a steriod with a secondary hydroxyl group in the C3 position. It is synthesized in many types of tissue, but particularly in the liver and intestinal wall.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

<5.17 mmol/L

Chemistry

CL

Chloride

Quantitative determination of chloride using ion-selective electrodes.

Chloride is the major extracellular anion.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST

Auto rerun with ISE diluent

Adults: 98-107 mmol/L

Chemistry

CO2

Carbon Dioxide

Bicarbonate reacts with phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the presence of PEPC to produce oaxloacetate and phosphate

Bicarbonate is an electrolyte, a negatively charged ion that is used by the body to help maintain the body’s acid-base (pH) balance. It also works with the other electrolytes (sodium, potassium, and chloride) to maintain electrical neutrality at the cellular level. 

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

22-29 mmol/L

Chemistry

CORT

Cortisol

Competition principle

Cortisol is a hormone made in the adrenal glands, which are small glands located near the top of each kidney. Cortisol affects many processes in the body and influences the immune system, nervous system, and metabolism. It also plays a role in helping the body respond to stress and is sometimes called “the stress hormone.”

4 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or manual with Diluent Universal 2

6am-10am: 6.02-18.4 µg/dL 4pm-8pm: 2.68-10.5 µg/dL

Chemistry

C-PEPT

C-Peptide

Sandwich principle

In the process of biosynthesis of insulin the C-peptide is formed as a by-product together with insulin by the preolytic cleavage of the precusor molecule proinsulin.

24 Hours

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or Manual with Diluent MultiAssay

1.1-4.4 ng/mL

Chemistry

CREATS

Serum Creatinine

Kinetic Colorimetric Assay based on the Jaffé method

Creatinine is a byproduct of a chemical compound called creatine, which helps muscles get the energy that they need. As a waste product, creatinine is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys and removed from the body in urine.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Adults: Females: 44-80 µmol/L Males: 62-106 µmol/L Children: Premature infants: 25-91 µmol/L Full Term Infant: 21-75 µmol/L 2-12 months: 15-37 µmol/L 1<3 years: 21-36 µmol/L 3-<5 years: 27-42 µmol/L 7-<9 years: 35-53 µmol/L 9-<11 years: 34-65 µmol/L 11-<13 years: 46-70 µmol/L 13-<15 years: 50-77 µmol/L

Chemistry

CREATU

Urine Creatinine

Kinetic Colorimetric Assay based on the Jaffé method

Creatine is break-down product of creatine phosphate in muscle, and is usually produced at a fairly contant rate by the body. It is freely filtered by the glomeruli and, under normal conditions, is not re-absorbed by the tubules to any appreciable extent.This test is a good estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

6 Days

5 mL

Sterile Urine Container with Urine

Auto rerun with H2O for higher concentration and Auto predilution 1:25 with water

1st Morning Urine: Females: 28-217 mg/dL Males: 39-259 mg/dL 24 h Urine: Females: 740-1570 mg/24 h Males: 1040-2350 mg/24 h

Chemistry

CRP

C-Reactive Protein

Particle enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Assay

CRP is a type of protein that is associated with inflammation in the body.

3 Weeks

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Adults: <5 mg/L

Chemistry

CRPHS

C-Reactive Protein, High sensitivity

Particle enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Assay

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein that increases in the blood with inflammation and infection as well as following a heart attack, surgery, or trauma.

2 Months

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Adults: <5.0 mg/L Neonates (0-3 weeks): 0.1-4.1 mg/L Children (2 months-15 years): 0.1-2.8 mg/L

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

0.61-0.95 mg/L

Chemistry

D BIL

Direct Bilirubin

Acidified sodium nitrite produces nitrous acid, which reacts with sulfanilic acid (in acidic solution) to form a diazonium salt. The diazotized sulfanilic acid then reacts with bilirubin to form isomers of azobilirubin. In the direct bilirubin assay, only conjugated bilirubin is converted by the diazotized sulfanilic acid. The intensity of the red color of azobilirubin is measured photometrically and is proportional to the direct (conjugated) bilirubin concentration

Bilirubin is a dark yellow waste product that is primarily created when the body breaks down hemoglobin, which is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Bilirubin is found in bile, which is fluid in your liver that is involved in digesting food. Most bilirubin is eliminated in the feces or urine.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual dilution with low normal serum sample

0.0-0.3 mg/dL

Chemistry

DHEA-S

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a male sex hormone (androgen) that is present in both men and women.

14 days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Age (years) 50th percentile Females: µg/dL 10-14 3.34 15-19 4.26 20-24 6.46 25-34 4.96 35-44 4.38 45-54 3.28 55-64 2.08 65-74 1.75 Greater than 74 1.65 Males: 10-14 2.74 15-19 7.57 20-24 9.58 25-34 7.68 35-44 6 45-54 5.94 55-64 3.75 65-74 2.45 Greater than 74 1.53 1-4 weeks 3.91 1-12 months 0.59 1-4 years 0.14 5-9 years 0.63

Chemistry

DIG

Digoxin

Kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution (KIMS) as measured by changes in light transmission

Digoxin is a drug used to treat heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. Heart failure, including congestive heart failure (CHF), causes the heart to become less effective at circulating blood. As a result, blood backs up into the legs, hands, feet, lungs and liver, causing swelling, shortness of breath, and fatigue.

24 Hours

6.0 mL

Red Top with Serum

N/A

0.8-2 ng/mL

Chemistry

ED II

Estradiol

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Estrogens are responsible for the development of the secondary female sex characteristics.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual rerun with Diluent MultiAssay

Chemistry

ESR

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate

Utilizes photometric reading to quantify the Rouleaux formation, which is the earliest and most critical phase of sedimentation.

An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test measures how quickly red blood cells fall inside a test tube, and it is used to detect inflammation in the body

24 hours

8.5 mL

Purple EDTA with Whole Blood

N/A

Chemistry

FE

Iron

FerroZine Method

Iron is an essential nutrient that, among other functions, is required for the production of healthy red blood cells (RBCs). It is a critical part of hemoglobin, the protein in RBCs that binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it as blood circulates to other parts of the body. 

3 Weeks

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Females: 37-145 µg/dL Males: 59-158 µg/dL

Chemistry

FER

Ferritin

Particle enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Ferritin is a protein that stores iron, a nutrient that is necessary for the production of healthy red blood cells and the distribution of oxygen throughout the body.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Men (20-60 years): 30-400 ng/mL Women (17-60 years): 15-150 ng/mL

Chemistry

FOL

Folate

Competition Principle

Folate, also known as folic acid or vitamin B9, plays several important roles in the body, including in making DNA, which is your unique genetic code. An inadequate level of folate in the body, called folate deficiency, can lead to anemia and other changes to your health. Anemia may cause symptoms like weakness, shortness of breath, and mental changes.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual rerun with Diluent Universal

Males of all ages: 12.3 median Women of all ages: 13.6 median

Chemistry

FSH

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

FSH is made by the pituitary gland, a small organ located in the center of the head behind the sinus cavity at the base of the brain. Control of FSH production is a complex system involving the hypothalamus in the brain, the pituitary gland, and the hormones produced by the ovaries or testicles. The hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which stimulates the pituitary to release FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH), a closely related hormone also involved in reproduction.

14 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Men: 4.6 Women: Folicular Phase: 6.9 Ovulation Phase: 12.3 Luteal Phase: 3.6 Postmenopause: 67

Chemistry

FT3

Free Triiodothyronine

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

The free T3 test measures the active form of T3 that is not bound to protein.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Adults: 2-4.4 pg/mL

Chemistry

FT4

Free Thyroxine

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Free T4 testing measures T4 that circulates through the blood and is available to enter body tissues and act upon them.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

0.93-1.7 ng/dL

Chemistry

GABA

Gabapentin

Homogenous enzyme immunoassay technique used for the quantitative analysis of gabapentin in human serum.

Gabapentin is indicated for use as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients with epilepsy and management of neuralgia.

7 Days

6.0 mL

Red Top with Serum

Auto rerun with human serum negative for GABA

NA

Chemistry

GGT

Gamma-Glutamyltransferase

Enzymatic colorimetric Assay

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is an enzyme that is found in many organs throughout the body, with the highest concentrations found in the liver. GGT is elevated in the blood in most diseases that cause damage to the liver or bile ducts. 

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Men: 8-61 U/L Women: 5-36 U/L

Chemistry

GLUC

Glucose

UV Test, enzymatic reference method with hexokinase

Glucose is the type of sugar that the cells of the human body use as their main energy source. Your body breaks down the food you eat into glucose and other substances. Your liver stores extra glucose and can produce it at times when you are not eating. The glucose goes into your bloodstream, where a hormone called insulin helps bring glucose into your body’s cells.

3 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Fasting: 74-109 mg/dL Adults 60-90 years: 82-115 mg/dL >90 years: 75-121 mg/dL Children: 60-100 mg/dL Neonates at 1 day: 40-60 mg/dL Neonates older than 1 day: 50-80 mg/dL

Chemistry

HDL

Cholesterol, HDL

Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is often known as “good cholesterol” because it is associated with better cardiovascular health.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

< 40 mg/dL Low (Poor) ≥60 mg/dL High (Good)

Chemistry

HGH

Human Growth Hormone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Growth hormone (GH) is a hormone that is essential for normal growth and development in children. It promotes proper linear bone growth from birth through puberty. In both children and adults, growth hormone helps regulate the rate at which the body both produces energy from food (metabolism) and makes lipids, proteins, and glucose (sugar). It also helps regulate the production of red blood cells and muscle mass.

1 Day

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or manual rerun with Dilutent Universal 2

Girls (0-10 years): 0.689 ng/mL Boys (0-10 years): 0.814 ng/mL Girls (11-17 years): 0.432 ng/mL Boys (11-17 years): 0.322 ng/mL Women (21-77 years): 0.944 ng/mL Men (20-79 years): 0.119 ng/mL

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rterun with H2O

15 µmol/L

Chemistry

INSUL

Insulin

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Insulin is a hormone that is produced and stored in the beta cells of the pancreas. It is secreted in response to elevated blood glucose following a meal and is vital for the transportation and storage of glucose, the body’s main source of energy. Insulin helps transport glucose from the blood to within cells, thus helping regulate blood glucose levels, and has a role in lipid metabolism.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

2.6-24.9 µU/mL

Chemistry

K

Potassium

Quantitative determination of potassium using ion-selective electrodes.

Potassium is the major intracellular cation and is critical to neural and muscle cell activity.

14 Days

8.5 mL

SST

Auto rerun with ISE diluent

Adults: 3.5-5.1 mmol/L

Chemistry

LDL

Cholesterol, LDL

Homogeneous enzymatic colorimetric test

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that can be found throughout the body and in the blood. There are different types of cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is sometimes called the “bad” cholesterol because too much of it may clog your arteries with a buildup of plaque.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun NaCl

Aoptimal level for Adults: <100 mg/dL

Chemistry

LH

Luteinizing Hormone

Immunoassay for the in vitro quantitative determination of LH using Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

LH, together with Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) belongs to the gonadotropin family. LH and FHS regulate and stimulate the growth and function of the gonads.

14 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Men : 4.0 mIU/mL Women: folicular phase: 5.9 mIU/mL Ovulation phase: 30.8 mIU/mL Luteal phase: 4.3 mIU/mL Postmenopause: 29.1 mIU/mL

Chemistry

LIP

Lipase

Enzymatic colorimetric assay with 6-methylresorufin ester as substrate

Lipase is an enzyme produced by the pancreas that helps the body digest fats. An elevated amount of lipase in the blood can be a sign that the pancreas is swollen and inflamed, a condition called pancreatitis. Lipase may also be elevated due to other issues in the pancreas, the use of certain medications, or health conditions such as kidney disease, cancer, and problems with the gallbladder or esophagus.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Adults: 13-60 U/L

Chemistry

Lpa

Lipoprotein A

Particle enhanced Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Cholesterol-rich lipoprotein which is synthesized in the liver independently of triglycerides and is not subject to the influence of diet or age.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

20-40 mg/dL

Chemistry

MALBU

Urine Microalbumin

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Albumin is a non-glycosylated protein that is synthesized in the liver parenchymal cells. Albumin is normally the most important protein component of plasma, CSF, and urine.

7 Days

5 mL

Sterile Urine Contanier with Urine

Auto rerun with H2O

2nd Morning Urine: Adults: <20 mg albumin/g creatine or <2.26 g albumin/mol creatine Children (3-5): <20 mg/L albumin or <30 mg albumin/g creatine 24 hour urine: <20 mg/L or <30 mg/24 hour

Chemistry

MG

Magnesium

Colorimetric endpoint method

Magnesium is a mineral that is vital for energy production, muscle contraction, nerve function, and the maintenance of strong bones. It comes into the body through the diet and is absorbed by the small intestine and colon. Magnesium is stored in the bones, cells, and tissues. 

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Newborn: 1.5-2.2 mg/dL 5 months-6 years: 1.7-2.3 mg/dL 6-12 years: 1.7-2.1 mg/dL 12-20 years: 1.7-2.2 mg/dL 60-90 years: 1.6-2.4 mg/dL >90 years: 1.7-2.3 mg/dL

Chemistry

NA

Sodium

Quantitative determination of sodium using ion-selective electrodes.

Sodium is the major extracellular cation and functions to maintain fluid distribution and osmotic pressure.

14 Days

8.5 mL

SST

Auto rerun with ISE diluent

Adults: 136-145 mmol/L

Hematology

OCCULT

Fecal Occult Blood

Detection of blood in stool using guaiac impregnated paper.

The fecal occult blood test (FOBT) checks for hidden blood in stool, which can be an early sign of colorectal cancer or other health problems.

14 days

N/A

Stool in plastic specimen container

N/A

Negative

Chemistry

PHNY

Phenytoin

Kinetic interaction of microparticles in solution (KIMS)

It has been used exclusively for seizure control in patients having both grand mal epilepsy (major motor), coritcal focal seizures, and temporal lobe epilepsy.

4 Days

6.0 mL

Red Top with Serum

Manual with Preciset TDM I Diluent

10-20 µg/mL

Chemistry

PHOS

Phosphate

Molybdte UV

Phosphates are vital for energy production, muscle and nerve function, and bone growth. They also play an important role as a buffer, helping to maintain the body’s acid-base balance.

4 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

Adults: 2.5-4.5 mg/dL 1-30 days Male: 3.9-6.9 mg/dL 1-12 month Male: 3.5-6.6 mg/dL 1-3 year male: 3.1-6 mg/dL 4-6 year Male: 3.3-5.6 mg/dL 7-9 year male: 3-5.4 mg/dL 10-12 year Male: 3.2-5.7 mg/dL 13-15 year male: 2.9-5.1 mg/dL 16-18 year male: 2.7-4.9 mg/dL 1-30 year female: 4.3-7.7 mg/dL 1-12 month female: 3.7-6.5 mg/dL 1-3 year female: 3.4-6 mg/dL 4-6 year female: 3.2-5.5 mg/dL 7-9 year female: 3.1-5.5 mg/dL 10-12 year female: 3.3-5.3 mg/dL 13-15 year female: 2.8-4.8 mg/dL 16-18 year female: 2.5-4.8 mg/dL

Hematology

PLT

Platelet Count

Cytochemical reactions to differentiate and count white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and reticulocytes and flow cell measurement to quantify the platelet count.

Screening tool to confirm a hematologic disorder, to establish or rule out a diagnosis, to detect an unsuspected hematologic disorder, or to monitor effects of radiation or chemotherapy

2 Days

8.5 mL

Purple EDTA with Whole Blood

Auto rerun with NaCl

Chemistry

PreALB

Prealbumin

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Transports about 1/3 of serum thyroxin It is used to assess nutritional status and hepatic synthesis in acute liver dissease.

6 Months

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

20-40 mg/dL Adult

Chemistry

PROG

Progesterone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Progesterone is a steroid hormone whose main role is to help prepare a woman’s body for pregnancy. It works in conjunction with several other female hormones.

5 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual with suitable human serum with low analyte concentration

Healthy men: <0.05 ng/mL Postmenopause: <0.05 ng/ml 1st trimester: 24 ng/mL 2nd trimester: 47.5 ng/mL 3rd trimester: 107 ng/mL Follicular phase: 0.067 ng/mL Ovulation: 0.568 ng/mL Luteal phase: 9.04 ng/mL

Coagulation

PT/INR

Protime with International Normalized Ratio

Coagulation Point Detection Method (Percent Detection Method)

The PT test evaluates how well all of the coagulation factors in the extrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade work together. Included are: factors I (Fibrinogen), II (Prothrombin), V, VII and X.

24 hours

8.5 mL (full)

Blue Sodium Citrate Plasma

N/A

Chemistry

PTH

Parathyroid Hormone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) testing measures the level of parathyroid hormone in your blood. PTH is made by the parathyroid glands, which are four pea-sized glands located in the neck. Parathyroid hormone controls the level of calcium in your blood and bones. It also helps regulate blood levels of phosphorus and vitamin D.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

15-65 pg/mL

Hematology

RETIC

Reticulocyte Count

Cytochemical reactions to differentiate and count white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and reticulocytes and flow cell measurement to quantify the fraction of reticulocytes within low-middle and high fluorescence intensity regions.

Assessing erythropoietic bone marrow activity in anemia and other hematologic condition

2 Days

8.5 mL

Purple EDTA with Whole Blood

Manual dilution using saline

3.4-17%

Chemistry

SHBG

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is a protein produced by the liver that transports the hormones testosterone (an androgen), dihydrotestosterone (DHT) (an androgen), and estradiol (an estrogen) in the blood as biologically inactive forms. Changes in SHBG levels can affect the amount of hormone that is available to be used by the body’s tissues.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or Manual with Diluent MultiAssay

Males 20-49 years: 33.5 nmol/L Males ≥50: 40.8 nmol/L Females 21-49 years: 64.3 nmol/L Females ≥50 years: 57.4 nmol/L

Chemistry

T4

Total Thyroxine

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

T4, also called thyroxine, is the main form of thyroid hormone made by the thyroid gland. Most T4 is bound to proteins, while a small proportion is unbound, or free.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

4.5-11.7 µg/dL

Chemistry

TBIL

Total Bilirubin

Colorimetric diazo method

An organice compound formed during the normal and abnormal destruction of red blood cells, is used in diagnosis and treatment of liver, hemolytic, hematological, and metabloic disorders.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Adults: up to 1.2 mg/dL Children less than or equal to one month is up to 1.9 mg/dL

Chemistry

TEST

Testosterone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Testosterone is the hormone responsible for controlling fertility and the development of sperm in men or anyone with a penis. Testosterone also plays an important part in the development of male sex characteristics such as a deeper voice and certain patterns of muscle development and hair growth. In women or anyone with ovaries, testosterone impacts overall growth as well as development of muscle and reproductive tissue.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

Males 20-49 years: 536 ng/dL Males ≥ 50 years: 476 ng/d L Females 20-49 years: 27.1 ng/dL Females ≥ 50 years: 16.2 ng/dL

Chemistry

TIBC

Total Iron Binding Capacity

Calculation based on Total Iron and Unbound Iron Binding Capactiy UIBC results.

Total Iron Binding Capacity can help determine a patient's iron status and aid in the diagnosis of iron overload or deficiency abnormalities.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

255-450 ug/dL

Chemistry

TP

Total Protein

Colorimetric Assay

A total protein test measures the sum of all types of proteins in the blood. Proteins are fundamental to the functioning of the body. The two main types of proteins found in the blood are albumin and globulins.

4 Weeks

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Adults: 6.6-8.7 g/dL Newborn: 4.6-7 g/dL 1 week: 4.4-7.6 g/dL 7 months-1 year: 5.1-7.3 g/dL 1-2 years: 5.6-7.5 g/dL >3 years: 6-8 g/dL

Chemistry

TPSA

Total Prostate Specific Antigen

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is a type of protein produced by cells in the prostate. The prostate is a small reproductive gland that helps make semen, the fluid that transports sperm from the testicles through the penis during ejaculation. 

5 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or manual with Diluent Universal

Men <40: 0.57 ng/mL 40-49 years: 0.59 ng/mL 50-59 years: 0.75 ng/mL 60-69 years: 1.65 ng/mL ≥70 years: 1.73 ng/mL

Chemistry

TRIG

Triglycerides

Enzymatic Colorimetric Test

Triglycerides are esters of the trihydric alcohol glycerol with 3 long-chain fatty acids. They are partially synthesized in the liver and partly ingested in food.

10 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

2.26 mmol/L

Chemistry

TRSF

Transferrin

Immunoturbidimetric Assay

Transferrin is the main protein in the blood that binds to iron and transports it throughout the body

8 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with NaCl

200-360 mg/dL

Chemistry

TSH

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) signals the thyroid gland to make hormones that control how your body uses and stores energy, called your metabolism.

14 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto or Manual with Diluent MultiAssay

0.27-4.2 µIU/mL

Urinalysis

UA

Urinalysis (chemical and microscopic)

Biochemical chemistry testing with microscopic cell analysis

A urinalysis examines the visual, chemical, and microscopic aspects of urine.

24 Hours

5.0 mL

Sterile Urine Container with Urine

N/A

pH: 4.7-7.7 Color: pale yellow to yellow Specific gravity: 1.008-1.030 Blood: negative Glucose: negative Ketones: negative Protein: negative Bilirubin: negative Urobilinogen: <1 mg/dL Nitrite: negative Leukocyte esterase: negative RBCs: 0-3/HPF WBCs: 0-4/HPF

Microbiology

UCULT

Urine Culture and Sensitivity

 VITEK 2 Systems in clinical laboratories as an in vitro test to determine the identification and susceptibility of clinically significant urinary pathogen and antimicrobial agents 

Urine culture is useful for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections, quantitative culture results may be helpful in discriminating contamination, colonization, and infection, and determining the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of potentially pathogenic aerobic bacteria, if appropriate.

72 Hours

5.0 mL

Urine cup (urinalysis), Boric Acid Urine Cup, or Gray Top Borioc Acid Tube

N/A

Negative

Chemistry

UIBC

Unbound Iron Binding Capacity

Direct Determination with FerroZine

The prosthetic group of hemoglobin is the iron complex of protoporphyrin IX (heme) in which the centrally located iron atom acts as a stabalizer of oxyhemoglobin.

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

N/A

112-346 µg/dL

Chemistry

URIC

Uric Acid

Enzymatic Colorimetric Test

Uric acid is produced by the breakdown of purines. Purines are nitrogen-containing compounds found in the cells of the body, including our DNA. 

7 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Auto rerun with H2O

Males: 3.4-7 mg/dL Females: 2.4-5.7 mg/dL

Chemistry

VALP

Valproic Acid

Homogenous enzyme immunoassay technique used for the quantitative analysis of valproic acid (free and protein bound) in human serum.

Valproic acid is an anticonvulsant medication which is used for the treatment of primary and secondary generalized seizures. Monitoring VPA concentrations during therapy is essential in order to provide the physician with an indicator for adjusting dosage.

7 Days

6.0 mL

Red Top with Serum

Manuall rerun with Preciset TDM I diluent

Therapeutic: 50-100 µg/mL Toxic: >100 µg/mL

Chemistry

VITB12

Vitamin B12

Electrochemiluminescence binding immunoassay for the invitro quantitative determination of Vitamin B12 in human serum.

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin involved in metabolism. Measuring Vitatmin B12 aids in the diagnosis and treatment of anemias and gastrointestinal malabsorption.

2 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual rerun with Diluent Universal

232-1245 pg/mL

Chemistry

VITD

Vitamin D

Electrochemiluminescence binding immunoassay for the invitro quantitative determination of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D in human serum.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone precursor that is mainly produced in the skin by exposure to sunlight and aids in absorption of calcium during bone formation. Measuring Vitamin D aids in the diagnosis and treatment of Vitamin D deficiency.

4 Days

8.5 mL

SST with Serum

Manual rerun with Diluent Universal or suitable human serum with a low analyte concentration

7.61-55.5 ng/mL